Common side effects of loop diuretics include which of the following?

Loop diuretics, such as furosemide and bumetanide, are commonly used in the management of conditions like heart failure, hypertension, and edema. These medications are known for their effectiveness in promoting diuresis, or the increased production of urine, by acting on the loop of Henle in the kidneys.

Confusion can occur in patients taking loop diuretics, particularly in older adults or those with pre-existing cognitive issues. This side effect may arise due to electrolyte imbalances caused by the diuretics, such as low sodium levels (hyponatremia), which can impact brain function.

Dehydration is another common side effect, as loop diuretics increase the excretion of water as well as sodium. If fluid intake is not adequate to replace the volume lost through urination, patients can quickly become dehydrated, leading to further complications such as dizziness, hypotension, and even renal impairment.

Ototoxicity is a well-documented side effect of loop diuretics. This condition refers to damage to the auditory or vestibular structures of the inner ear, which can lead to symptoms such as ringing in the ears (tinnitus) and hearing loss. The risk of ototoxicity tends to increase with